在一些檢修部門，習慣用手工來研磨91香蕉視頻app:閥門密封面。手工研磨只使用簡單的研磨工具而不需復雜的研磨設備，但這是一種費力的工作，生產效率很低，研磨質量主要依靠工人的技術水平來保證，因此研磨質量往往不夠穩定。

  手工(gong)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)分為(wei)粗研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)、精(jing)(jing)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)和拋(pao)(pao)光等。粗研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)是為(wei)了(le)消除密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)上(shang)(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)擦(ca)傷、壓痕(hen)、蝕點等缺陷，提高密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)平(ping)整(zheng)度(du)(du)(du)和降(jiang)低粗糙(cao)度(du)(du)(du)，為(wei)密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)精(jing)(jing)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)打下(xia)(xia)基礎(chu)。精(jing)(jing)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)是為(wei)了(le)消除密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)上(shang)(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)粗紋路，進一(yi)(yi)步提高密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)平(ping)整(zheng)度(du)(du)(du)和降(jiang)低粗糙(cao)度(du)(du)(du)。拋(pao)(pao)光的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)目(mu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主要(yao)是降(jiang)低密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)粗糙(cao)度(du)(du)(du)，一(yi)(yi)般用(yong)(yong)于粗糙(cao)度(du)(du)(du)Ra在0.2μm以下(xia)(xia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)。手工(gong)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)不(bu)(bu)管(guan)粗研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)還是精(jing)(jing)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)，整(zheng)個過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)始終(zhong)(zhong)貫穿提起、放下(xia)(xia)、旋轉、往復(fu)、輕敲、換向等操作(zuo)相結合(he)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)。其(qi)目(mu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是避免(mian)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)粒軌跡重復(fu)，使密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)得(de)到(dao)均勻的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)削(xue)(xue)，提高密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)平(ping)整(zheng)度(du)(du)(du)，降(jiang)低粗糙(cao)度(du)(du)(du)。在研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)中，要(yao)始終(zhong)(zhong)貫穿著(zhu)檢驗過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)，其(qi)目(mu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是隨時掌握研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)情況，做到(dao)心(xin)中有(you)數，使研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)質(zhi)量(liang)達到(dao)技術要(yao)求。在研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)中，清(qing)潔工(gong)作(zuo)是很(hen)重要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)環節，應(ying)做到(dao)“三(san)不(bu)(bu)落(luo)地(di)(di)”，即被研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)件不(bu)(bu)落(luo)地(di)(di)、工(gong)具(ju)(ju)不(bu)(bu)落(luo)地(di)(di)、物料不(bu)(bu)落(luo)地(di)(di)；“三(san)不(bu)(bu)見天”，即顯(xian)(xian)示(shi)劑用(yong)(yong)后(hou)上(shang)(shang)(shang)蓋、研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)劑用(yong)(yong)后(hou)上(shang)(shang)(shang)蓋、稀釋劑（液）用(yong)(yong)后(hou)上(shang)(shang)(shang)蓋；“三(san)干(gan)凈(jing)”，即研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)具(ju)(ju)用(yong)(yong)前要(yao)抹洗(xi)(xi)干(gan)凈(jing)、密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)要(yao)清(qing)洗(xi)(xi)干(gan)凈(jing)、更(geng)換研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)劑時研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)具(ju)(ju)和密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)要(yao)抹洗(xi)(xi)干(gan)凈(jing)。研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)中應(ying)注意檢查(cha)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)具(ju)(ju)不(bu)(bu)與(yu)密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)外任(ren)何疤點臺肩(jian)相摩擦(ca)，使研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)具(ju)(ju)運(yun)動(dong)平(ping)穩(wen)，保(bao)證研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)質(zhi)量(liang)。經過(guo)滲氨(an)、滲硼等表面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)處(chu)理(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)，研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)時要(yao)小心(xin)謹慎，因為(wei)滲透層的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)硬度(du)(du)(du)隨著(zhu)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)量(liang)增大而明顯(xian)(xian)下(xia)(xia)降(jiang)，研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)時磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)削(xue)(xue)量(liang)應(ying)盡量(liang)小，最好(hao)進行拋(pao)(pao)光使用(yong)(yong)，至少要(yao)精(jing)(jing)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)后(hou)使用(yong)(yong)，如達不(bu)(bu)到(dao)要(yao)求，就(jiu)將殘存的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)滲透層磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)掉，重新(xin)滲透處(chu)理(li)(li)，恢(hui)復(fu)原有(you)密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)性能。用(yong)(yong)于深冷(leng)(leng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)閥門密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)要(yao)經過(guo)深冷(leng)(leng)定(ding)型(xing)處(chu)理(li)(li)后(hou)再(zai)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)，否則，研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)一(yi)(yi)經深冷(leng)(leng)就(jiu)會變形。深冷(leng)(leng)處(chu)理(li)(li)可(ke)在液氨(an)中進行。刀(dao)型(xing)密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)一(yi)(yi)般寬度(du)(du)(du)為(wei)0.5~0.8mm,接近線(xian)密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)。研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)后(hou)，密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)會變寬，應(ying)注意恢(hui)復(fu)刀(dao)型(xing)密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)原有(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)尺寸，可(ke)用(yong)(yong)車削(xue)(xue)或研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)刀(dao)型(xing)密(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)兩斜面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方法恢(hui)復(fu)寬度(du)(du)(du)尺寸。

  研(yan)具(ju)使用后(hou)應進行一(yi)次檢查(cha)，對平整度不高的(de)平面要修理好，并應清洗干凈，保持完整。要分(fen)門(men)別(bie)類地把研(yan)磨工(gong)具(ju)擺(bai)放(fang)在工(gong)具(ju)箱(xiang)內(nei)，以便(bian)以后(hou)使用。

  研(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)分(fen)平面(mian)(mian)密(mi)封面(mian)(mian)研(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)、錐形密(mi)封面(mian)(mian)研(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)、圓弧密(mi)封面(mian)(mian)研(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)、圓柱體密(mi)封面(mian)(mian)研(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)等幾種。

①. 閥體平面密封面的研(yan)磨(mo) 

  閥(fa)體密封(feng)(feng)平面(mian)位于閥(fa)體內腔，研(yan)磨(mo)比(bi)較困(kun)難。通(tong)常(chang)使用(yong)帶(dai)方孔的圓(yuan)盤(pan)狀(zhuang)研(yan)磨(mo)工(gong)具(ju)，放(fang)在內腔的密封(feng)(feng)面(mian)上，再(zai)用(yong)帶(dai)方頭的長柄手把來帶(dai)動(dong)研(yan)盤(pan)運動(dong)。研(yan)盤(pan)上有圓(yuan)柱凸臺或引(yin)導墊片，以防止在研(yan)磨(mo)過程中(zhong)研(yan)具(ju)局部離開(kai)環狀(zhuang)密封(feng)(feng)面(mian)而造(zao)成研(yan)磨(mo)不勻的現象。圖4-71為閘閥(fa)密封(feng)(feng)面(mian)的手工(gong)研(yan)磨(mo)。

  研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨前(qian)應將(jiang)(jiang)研(yan)(yan)(yan)具工作面(mian)(mian)(mian)用丙酮或汽油(you)擦凈，并去除閥體密(mi)封(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)上(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)飛(fei)邊(bian)、毛刺，再(zai)在(zai)密(mi)封(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)上(shang)(shang)涂(tu)敷一(yi)層(ceng)研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨劑(ji)(ji)。研(yan)(yan)(yan)具放入(ru)閥體內腔時(shi)(shi)，要仔(zi)細(xi)地貼(tie)合在(zai)密(mi)封(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)上(shang)(shang)，然后(hou)采用長柄手把使研(yan)(yan)(yan)盤做正(zheng)、反方向的(de)(de)(de)回轉運(yun)動。先(xian)順時(shi)(shi)針回轉180°,再(zai)逆時(shi)(shi)針回轉90°,如此反復地進行。一(yi)般(ban)回轉10余次后(hou)研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨劑(ji)(ji)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)磨粒便已磨鈍，故應該經常抬起(qi)研(yan)(yan)(yan)盤來添新的(de)(de)(de)研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨劑(ji)(ji)。研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨的(de)(de)(de)壓(ya)力要均勻，且不宜(yi)過大(da)。粗研(yan)(yan)(yan)時(shi)(shi)壓(ya)力可(ke)大(da)些(xie)，精(jing)研(yan)(yan)(yan)時(shi)(shi)應較(jiao)小(xiao)。應注意不要因(yin)施加壓(ya)力使研(yan)(yan)(yan)具局部脫開密(mi)封(feng)(feng)平(ping)面(mian)(mian)(mian)。研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨一(yi)段時(shi)(shi)間后(hou)，要檢(jian)查(cha)工件的(de)(de)(de)平(ping)面(mian)(mian)(mian)度(du)。此時(shi)(shi)可(ke)取出(chu)研(yan)(yan)(yan)具，用丙酮或汽油(you)將(jiang)(jiang)密(mi)封(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)擦凈，再(zai)將(jiang)(jiang)圓盤形(xing)的(de)(de)(de)檢(jian)驗平(ping)板(ban)輕(qing)輕(qing)放在(zai)密(mi)封(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)上(shang)(shang)并用手輕(qing)輕(qing)旋動，取出(chu)平(ping)板(ban)后(hou)就(jiu)可(ke)觀察到(dao)密(mi)封(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)上(shang)(shang)出(chu)現的(de)(de)(de)接(jie)觸(chu)痕跡(ji)。當環狀(zhuang)密(mi)封(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)上(shang)(shang)均勻地顯(xian)示接(jie)觸(chu)痕跡(ji)，而徑向最小(xiao)接(jie)觸(chu)寬度(du)與(yu)密(mi)封(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)寬度(du)之比（即密(mi)封(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)與(yu)檢(jian)驗平(ping)板(ban)的(de)(de)(de)吻合度(du)）達到(dao)工藝上(shang)(shang)規定的(de)(de)(de)數值時(shi)(shi)，平(ping)面(mian)(mian)(mian)度(du)就(jiu)可(ke)認(ren)為合格。為了保證檢(jian)驗的(de)(de)(de)準確性，檢(jian)驗平(ping)板(ban)應經常檢(jian)查(cha)、修整。

②. 閘板、閥(fa)瓣(ban)平(ping)面密封面的(de)研(yan)磨 

  閘板(ban)、閥(fa)瓣和閥(fa)座的(de)密(mi)封平(ping)面可使用(yong)研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)平(ping)板(ban)來手工(gong)(gong)(gong)研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)。研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)平(ping)板(ban)平(ping)面應(ying)平(ping)整。研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)用(yong)平(ping)板(ban)分(fen)刻槽平(ping)板(ban)和光滑平(ping)板(ban)兩種，如圖4-72所示。研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作前(qian)，先用(yong)丙酮或(huo)汽油將研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)平(ping)板(ban)的(de)表面擦干凈，然(ran)后在(zai)(zai)平(ping)板(ban)上均勻、適量地涂一層(ceng)研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)劑，把需研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)的(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)件表面貼(tie)合在(zai)(zai)平(ping)板(ban)上即開始(shi)研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)。用(yong)手一邊旋轉一邊做直(zhi)線運(yun)動，或(huo)做“8”字形運(yun)動。由于研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)運(yun)動方向的(de)不斷(duan)變更(geng)，使磨(mo)(mo)粒不斷(duan)地在(zai)(zai)新的(de)方向起磨(mo)(mo)削作用(yong)，故(gu)可提高研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)效率。圖4-73所示為閥(fa)體(ti)平(ping)面密(mi)封面的(de)手工(gong)(gong)(gong)研(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)。

  為了(le)避免研(yan)磨平(ping)板(ban)的(de)磨耗不(bu)均(jun)，不(bu)要總是(shi)在平(ping)板(ban)的(de)中部(bu)(bu)(bu)研(yan)磨，應沿平(ping)板(ban)的(de)全部(bu)(bu)(bu)表面上不(bu)斷變換(huan)部(bu)(bu)(bu)位，否則研(yan)磨平(ping)板(ban)將(jiang)很快失去平(ping)面精度。

  閘(zha)(zha)板(ban)及有些閥座呈楔(xie)狀，密封(feng)平(ping)面圓周上的(de)質量不均(jun)，厚薄不一(yi)(yi)致，容易(yi)(yi)產生偏(pian)磨(mo)(mo)現象，厚的(de)一(yi)(yi)頭(tou)容易(yi)(yi)多磨(mo)(mo)，薄的(de)一(yi)(yi)頭(tou)會少磨(mo)(mo)。所以，在研(yan)磨(mo)(mo)楔(xie)式閘(zha)(zha)板(ban)密封(feng)面時，應附加(jia)一(yi)(yi)個平(ping)衡力(li)，使楔(xie)式閘(zha)(zha)板(ban)密封(feng)面均(jun)勻磨(mo)(mo)削(xue)。圖4-74所示為楔(xie)式閘(zha)(zha)板(ban)密封(feng)面的(de)整體研(yan)磨(mo)(mo)方法(fa)。