1. 電(dian)凈液成分見表4-42.


表 42.jpg


2. 電凈液的(de)性(xing)質(zhi)和用途


 電凈液(ye)都(dou)是堿性溶液(ye)，pH為11~13.溶液(ye)呈無(wu)色透明，手(shou)摸有滑感，-10℃不結冰。


 電凈(jing)液具(ju)有較強的去(qu)油作用，同時(shi)具(ju)有輕度的除氧化(hua)膜作用。


3. 使用方法


  用鍍(du)(du)筆蘸上(shang)電(dian)凈(jing)液，大型圓(yuan)柱(zhu)形(xing)工(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)夾(jia)在(zai)機床(chuang)車頭上(shang)旋轉，鍍(du)(du)筆固定在(zai)刀架上(shang)不動，將鍍(du)(du)筆和(he)工(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)接(jie)觸(chu)，并保持(chi)(chi)一定的相對(dui)運動速率(lv)，如(ru)果是平(ping)面(mian)工(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，則工(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)固定，鍍(du)(du)筆在(zai)工(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)平(ping)面(mian)上(shang)接(jie)觸(chu)，用手工(gong)(gong)移動保持(chi)(chi)相對(dui)運動速率(lv)。在(zai)通電(dian)的情(qing)況下(xia)在(zai)工(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)表面(mian)涂抹，達到去油(you)的目的。


  工(gong)件(jian)與鍍(du)筆之間的通電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)有(you)兩種方式：一種稱為(wei)正極(ji)性(xing)(xing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)凈(jing)，工(gong)件(jian)接負極(ji)，鍍(du)筆接正極(ji)，去油(you)效(xiao)果(guo)快捷。通電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時工(gong)件(jian)表面(mian)產生大量的氫氣，故工(gong)件(jian)有(you)滲(shen)氫現象；另(ling)一種稱為(wei)反(fan)極(ji)性(xing)(xing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)凈(jing)，工(gong)件(jian)接正極(ji)，鍍(du)筆接負極(ji)，通電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時工(gong)件(jian)表面(mian)產生氧氣，其去油(you)效(xiao)果(guo)中(zhong)等，作用(yong)溫和，沒(mei)有(you)滲(shen)氫現象。在實際工(gong)作中(zhong)，往(wang)(wang)往(wang)(wang)是采用(yong)高(gao)檔電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓（10~18V),先正極(ji)性(xing)(xing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)凈(jing)后反(fan)極(ji)性(xing)(xing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)凈(jing)聯(lian)合(he)應用(yong)，效(xiao)果(guo)最(zui)佳。


4. 電(dian)凈(jing)工藝條件(jian)


 電(dian)壓10~18V,一般取12V;時間30~90s;電(dian)凈(jing)液溫度(du) 15~50℃。


 電凈后立即用水沖洗(xi)干(gan)凈，表(biao)面水膜(mo)分布均(jun)勻，金屬表(biao)面呈現均(jun)勻的潔凈狀態(tai)，立即進行下道工序，不可使表(biao)面形成(cheng)干(gan)斑。