寬幅冷(leng)彎(wan)型(xing)鋼成(cheng)型(xing)機組(zu)按照(zhao)生(sheng)產工(gong)藝的要求(qiu),應(ying)設(she)置有成(cheng)型(xing)及成(cheng)型(xing)所必需的輔(fu)助設(she)施。一條好(hao)的成(cheng)型(xing)機組(zu),一定是能生(sheng)產出高(gao)質(zhi)量的產品(pin),而所需能耗低,操作方(fang)便,運行安全。成(cheng)型(xing)機組(zu)的主(zhu)要參(can)數源于極端情況下的工(gong)藝條件。
冷(leng)彎(wan)(wan)(wan)型鋼的(de)(de)(de)品種(zhong)規格多(duo)達數千種(zhong),用(yong)于加工(gong)生產(chan)冷(leng)彎(wan)(wan)(wan)型鋼的(de)(de)(de)冷(leng)彎(wan)(wan)(wan)成型機(ji)組(zu)也(ye)多(duo)種(zhong)多(duo)樣,各不(bu)相同。有構造(zao)(zao)簡(jian)單(dan)、價格低廉的(de)(de)(de)成型機(ji)組(zu),即小型連(lian)續成型機(ji)組(zu);也(ye)有技(ji)術(shu)先進、結構復雜(za)、檢測控制現代化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)造(zao)(zao)價昂貴(gui)的(de)(de)(de)成型機(ji)組(zu),即中(zhong)、大型機(ji)組(zu)。選用(yong)何種(zhong)類型機(ji)組(zu),這要(yao)依據產(chan)品的(de)(de)(de)厚度(du)、寬度(du)、材質和型鋼斷面形狀(zhuang)(zhuang)的(de)(de)(de)復雜(za)程度(du)(型材形狀(zhuang)(zhuang)復雜(za)程度(du)是由(you)彎(wan)(wan)(wan)曲(qu)的(de)(de)(de)個數和彎(wan)(wan)(wan)曲(qu)量的(de)(de)(de)大小決(jue)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de))來確定(ding)。
冷彎型鋼的冷彎成(cheng)型機組示意圖,如圖5-1所(suo)示。
1. 連續冷彎成型機組的組成
在連續冷彎(wan)(wan)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)機組(zu)中,帶(dai)(dai)鋼(gang)需要連續不斷的(de)(de)(de)送進(jin),以(yi)保證(zheng)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)輥及成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)機組(zu)連續不斷成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing),這也(ye)是保證(zheng)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)過(guo)程(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)穩定(ding)及成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)質量的(de)(de)(de)需要。為了保證(zheng)帶(dai)(dai)鋼(gang)連續送進(jin),必須(xu)在成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)段(duan)前設置有上(shang)卷(juan)、開卷(juan)、對(dui)中、矯(jiao)直、帶(dai)(dai)鋼(gang)頭尾剪切(qie)等(deng)裝(zhuang)置和設施;成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)段(duan)主要有成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)機和對(dui)冷彎(wan)(wan)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)后(hou)的(de)(de)(de)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)材(cai)(cai)進(jin)行精(jing)整(矯(jiao)直、矯(jiao)平(ping)(ping))的(de)(de)(de)裝(zhuang)置;成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)段(duan)后(hou)有剪機、輥道平(ping)(ping)臺等(deng),主要是將已經成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)材(cai)(cai)進(jin)行定(ding)尺剪切(qie),并完(wan)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)材(cai)(cai)的(de)(de)(de)定(ding)尺、垛放和包裝(zhuang)等(deng)工序。
2. 小型連續冷彎成型機(ji)組(zu)
小(xiao)型連續冷彎成型機(ji)(ji)組適用(yong)(yong)于厚度較薄、幅(fu)面較窄的帶鋼成型,一(yi)般采用(yong)(yong)吊車上卷(juan)(juan)、手工開(kai)卷(juan)(juan)、手工對(dui)中和(he)喂料等,就不需(xu)要設置上卷(juan)(juan)小(xiao)車、開(kai)卷(juan)(juan)機(ji)(ji)、對(dui)中立輥(gun)和(he)矯直機(ji)(ji)等。
薄板窄(zhai)帶冷(leng)彎成(cheng)型的變形力較小,因而大多(duo)采用(yong)結構簡單(dan)、造價低(di)廉的板式結構機(ji)架(jia)、鏈條鏈輪傳動方式。為了(le)加強兩側墻(qiang)板式機(ji)架(jia)的剛性(xing),在(zai)兩板式成(cheng)型機(ji)架(jia)之(zhi)間上部(bu)用(yong)拉桿連接。
3. 中、大型(xing)連續(xu)冷(leng)彎成型(xing)機(ji)組
中、大型(xing)連續(xu)冷彎成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)機組(zu),適(shi)用于(yu)寬(kuan)幅(fu)、較厚的(de)帶(dai)鋼成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing),由于(yu)帶(dai)鋼幅(fu)寬(kuan)、板厚,手工操作就不大可能了。成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)段前(qian),應包括(kuo)有(you)上卷(juan)小(xiao)車、開卷(juan)機(配(pei)有(you)液壓驅動(dong)的(de)脹(zhang)縮卷(juan)筒)、對中立輥(gun)、帶(dai)鋼矯直(zhi)機、液壓或機械帶(dai)鋼橫切剪(jian)切機等。成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)段包括(kuo)有(you)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)機和矯平裝置等。成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)段后(hou)面包括(kuo)有(you)定尺、剪(jian)切裝置和輥(gun)道平臺(tai)等。
對(dui)成(cheng)型機組(zu)的一般要求:
①. 設計合理,生產(chan)的產(chan)品能滿足標準要求;
②. 成型輥(gun)的安裝、更換(huan)和調(diao)整要方便快捷、時間短;
③. 結(jie)構緊湊(cou),剛性好,精度高;
④. 自動化程度高;
⑤. 成型速度在一(yi)定范圍內可調(diao);
⑥. 性(xing)能(neng)可靠,使(shi)用壽命長,主要元(yuan)器件(電器、液壓)可靠且要有(you)動作互鎖功能(neng),以(yi)防止(zhi)誤操作。