2000年前后，隨著工程機械企業對材料要求的提高，鋼管(guan)生產廠(chang)家除了新建一批先進的軋管機組外，還逐步加大了熱處理線的投入，以實現材料多狀態的交付，改變了以前只有正火、退火、回火的狀態，這對高強度鋼管的研發也起到了很大的作用。目前具備鋼管調質能力的企業有：天津鋼管、寶鋼、衡陽鋼管、湖北新冶鋼、新興鑄管、鞍鋼等。其中天津鋼管擁有十條熱處理線，寶鋼、衡陽鋼管也都有多條熱處理線，規格范圍覆蓋外徑Φ48～720mm；湖北新冶鋼先后建設了四條熱處理線，規格可覆蓋外徑Φ51～533mm，是熱處理比較好的企業之一。這些生產線的建設，為我國開發更高強度級別的如Q500、Q550、Q620、Q690、Q770、Q890等低合金高強度鋼創造了條件。2018年新修訂的《結構用無縫鋼管》（GB／T 8162-2018）將上述大部分牌號納入標準，從而與國外先進標準EN10210-1、EN10297-1更加接近。至此，高強度工程機械用鋼的牌號、化學成分、力學性能要求等，基本上與國際先進標準接軌。

一、起重(zhong)機臂架(jia)用無縫鋼管

  履(lv)(lv)(lv)帶(dai)(dai)式(shi)起(qi)重(zhong)(zhong)機(ji)(ji)廣泛應用(yong)于橋梁、發電(dian)設(she)備、煉(lian)油設(she)備、風力發電(dian)機(ji)(ji)組以及海上工(gong)(gong)(gong)作平臺(tai)等項目的(de)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)，是工(gong)(gong)(gong)程機(ji)(ji)械(xie)中(zhong)技術含(han)量高(gao)、制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝復雜、具有獨特性能(neng)的(de)起(qi)重(zhong)(zhong)作業(ye)機(ji)(ji)械(xie)設(she)備。自2005年徐工(gong)(gong)(gong)集(ji)團(tuan)(tuan)率先研制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)成功我國(guo)第一臺(tai)300t級履(lv)(lv)(lv)帶(dai)(dai)式(shi)起(qi)重(zhong)(zhong)機(ji)(ji)開始，我國(guo)履(lv)(lv)(lv)帶(dai)(dai)式(shi)起(qi)重(zhong)(zhong)機(ji)(ji)的(de)發展(zhan)迅速向大噸位(wei)攀(pan)升(sheng)。在(zai)2009年和(he)2010年，徐工(gong)(gong)(gong)集(ji)團(tuan)(tuan)、中(zhong)聯(lian)(lian)重(zhong)(zhong)科、三一重(zhong)(zhong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)和(he)撫順挖掘機(ji)(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)有限公司(si)連(lian)續推出(chu)千噸級履(lv)(lv)(lv)帶(dai)(dai)式(shi)起(qi)重(zhong)(zhong)機(ji)(ji)。2011年5月，中(zhong)聯(lian)(lian)重(zhong)(zhong)科和(he)三一重(zhong)(zhong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)又相繼推出(chu)3000t級以上大型履(lv)(lv)(lv)帶(dai)(dai)式(shi)起(qi)重(zhong)(zhong)機(ji)(ji)。2013年7月，徐工(gong)(gong)(gong)4000t級履(lv)(lv)(lv)帶(dai)(dai)式(shi)起(qi)重(zhong)(zhong)機(ji)(ji)成功啟用(yong)，并將(jiang)萬(wan)華煙臺(tai)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)園高(gao)度(du)為(wei)118m、直徑為(wei)14.4m、重(zhong)(zhong)量為(wei)1680t的(de)丙(bing)烯塔吊(diao)裝(zhuang)就位(wei)，開啟了中(zhong)國(guo)吊(diao)裝(zhuang)行業(ye)的(de)新(xin)征(zheng)程。

作(zuo)為(wei)履帶(dai)式起重(zhong)機重(zhong)要(yao)部(bu)件的(de)(de)(de)組(zu)合臂(bei)架(jia)，是承(cheng)載和(he)(he)輸(shu)送(song)的(de)(de)(de)關(guan)鍵部(bu)位(wei)，臂(bei)架(jia)一般是由(you)長度(du)11m左(zuo)右的(de)(de)(de)無縫鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)作(zuo)為(wei)主弦臂(bei)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)與腹臂(bei)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)焊接(jie)(jie)組(zu)合而成(cheng)。對于400t以(yi)上大型(xing)履帶(dai)式起重(zhong)機的(de)(de)(de)臂(bei)架(jia)，主弦管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)所(suo)使用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)外徑更(geng)大、壁(bi)厚更(geng)厚、強(qiang)(qiang)度(du)更(geng)高，要(yao)求鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)不(bu)僅具有更(geng)高的(de)(de)(de)強(qiang)(qiang)度(du)和(he)(he)韌性，同時由(you)于履帶(dai)式起重(zhong)機臂(bei)架(jia)全(quan)部(bu)由(you)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)焊接(jie)(jie)而成(cheng)，因(yin)此還要(yao)求鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)具有良好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)焊接(jie)(jie)性能。國內(nei)主要(yao)使用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)770MPa和(he)(he)890MPa級(ji)高強(qiang)(qiang)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)，衡陽鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、天津鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、新(xin)冶鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)、寶(bao)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)、鞍鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)的(de)(de)(de)產品已完全(quan)替代進口(kou)。天津鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)已成(cheng)功(gong)供貨屈(qu)服強(qiang)(qiang)度(du)960MPa級(ji)別(bie)臂(bei)架(jia)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。

二、旋挖(wa)機(ji)鉆桿用無縫鋼管

  旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)挖(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)機(ji)是一種適合建筑基礎(chu)工(gong)程中(zhong)(zhong)成(cheng)(cheng)孔作業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)施工(gong)機(ji)械。旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)挖(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)桿(gan)是用(yong)在旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)挖(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)機(ji)與施工(gong)用(yong)鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)頭(tou)之(zhi)間，傳遞扭矩、軸向(xiang)壓力等載荷，沿共同(tong)軸心、逐節(jie)伸(shen)縮的(de)(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)狀結(jie)構。旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)挖(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)桿(gan)由三到六根無(wu)(wu)縫(feng)(feng)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)經(jing)機(ji)加工(gong)、焊(han)(han)接后套(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)裝而成(cheng)(cheng)。其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)，每根無(wu)(wu)縫(feng)(feng)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)構成(cheng)(cheng)一節(jie)鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)桿(gan)套(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)，每節(jie)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)長度(du)(du)通常約10m左右(you)，直(zhi)徑Φ159～630mm，壁厚8～45mm；每節(jie)鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)桿(gan)套(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)外圓按120度(du)(du)均布焊(han)(han)接厚度(du)(du)x寬(kuan)度(du)(du)約為20mmx50mm的(de)(de)(de)(de)通長外鍵(jian)，每節(jie)鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)桿(gan)套(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)下端內(nei)(nei)弧面上(shang)焊(han)(han)接了(le)(le)(le)同(tong)樣厚度(du)(du)和(he)寬(kuan)度(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)內(nei)(nei)鍵(jian)（長約500～900mm）。為保(bao)證旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)挖(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)機(ji)正常工(gong)作，要求(qiu)盡(jin)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)縮小相鄰(lin)鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)桿(gan)套(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)間的(de)(de)(de)(de)空隙(xi)，同(tong)時(shi)還要保(bao)證各節(jie)套(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)能夠自由伸(shen)縮，這對套(tao)(tao)(tao)(tao)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)用(yong)無(wu)(wu)縫(feng)(feng)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)尺(chi)寸偏差及形狀精度(du)(du)提出了(le)(le)(le)特(te)殊要求(qiu)。旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)挖(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)桿(gan)采(cai)用(yong)無(wu)(wu)縫(feng)(feng)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)加工(gong)制造(zao)，由于對鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)質量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)要求(qiu)嚴(yan)、技術含(han)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)高(gao)，過去主要依靠從(cong)國(guo)外進口，目(mu)前(qian)國(guo)內(nei)(nei)生產(chan)旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)挖(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)機(ji)鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)桿(gan)用(yong)無(wu)(wu)縫(feng)(feng)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)有(you)幾十家，國(guo)產(chan)品(pin)牌鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)已完全(quan)取代進口鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)。國(guo)內(nei)(nei)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)制造(zao)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)和(he)旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)挖(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)桿(gan)生產(chan)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)積(ji)累了(le)(le)(le)豐富的(de)(de)(de)(de)經(jing)驗，現已形成(cheng)(cheng)完善的(de)(de)(de)(de)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)制造(zao)技術標準和(he)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)批量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)供貨能力，攀成(cheng)(cheng)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)牽頭(tou)起草的(de)(de)(de)(de)《旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)挖(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)機(ji)鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)桿(gan)用(yong)無(wu)(wu)縫(feng)(feng)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)》（GB／T 34109--2017）國(guo)家標準已實施，衡陽鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)和(he)天(tian)津鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)為北京三一智(zhi)造(zao)科(ke)技有(you)限公司開發(fa)的(de)(de)(de)(de)SY550和(he)SY850旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)挖(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)桿(gan)專用(yong)無(wu)(wu)縫(feng)(feng)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)，突破(po)了(le)(le)(le)目(mu)前(qian)旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)挖(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)桿(gan)用(yong)無(wu)(wu)縫(feng)(feng)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)采(cai)購(gou)技術要求(qiu)，將新材料應用(yong)在其(qi)第五代旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)挖(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)桿(gan)上(shang)，將旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)挖(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)桿(gan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)使用(yong)壽命由2000h提升到3000h以上(shang)，助推中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)挖(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)鉆(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)桿(gan)產(chan)品(pin)走在世界前(qian)列。