1. 室(shi)外(wai)排水(shui)管道安(an)裝要求
室外(wai)排(pai)(pai)水(shui)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道起到(dao)排(pai)(pai)放污廢水(shui)與(yu)雨水(shui)的(de)作(zuo)用,污廢水(shui)在(zai)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道中依靠重力作(zuo)用由(you)高處流向低處。因此,排(pai)(pai)水(shui)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道應(ying)有一定的(de)下坡度(du)。為(wei)了檢(jian)查及清通排(pai)(pai)水(shui)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道,在(zai)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)徑改變處或(huo)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道坡度(du)、支管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)接(jie)入處及管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道轉彎處,都要(yao)(yao)設(she)廢水(shui)檢(jian)查井(jing),直線(xian)段每(mei)隔一定距離(li)也要(yao)(yao)設(she)污廢水(shui)檢(jian)查井(jing),檢(jian)查井(jing)通常用磚砌(qi)筑(zhu)。室外(wai)排(pai)(pai)水(shui)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道通常應(ying)與(yu)建筑(zhu)物平行敷設(she),距建筑(zhu)外(wai)墻(qiang)不(bu)應(ying)<2.5m。
2. 室外(wai)排水管道施工流(liu)程
室(shi)外排水(shui)管(guan)道一(yi)般直接埋(mai)在地下(xia),其施(shi)(shi)工(gong)流程是:施(shi)(shi)工(gong)準備→測量放線(xian)→開挖溝槽→基(ji)底(di)處(chu)理→下(xia)管(guan)→穩管(guan)接口→檢查與砌(qi)筑→水(shui)試驗→回填土。其中(zhong)下(xia)管(guan)及其前(qian)面的項目,施(shi)(shi)工(gong)要求與室(shi)外給水(shui)管(guan)基(ji)本相同。
3. 室外排水(shui)管道(dao)的(de)管口與(yu)抹帶
室外排水(shui)管(guan)(guan)道的管(guan)(guan)材(cai),主要(yao)有(you)缸(gang)瓦管(guan)(guan)、混(hun)凝土(tu)管(guan)(guan)和(he)鋼筋混(hun)凝土(tu)管(guan)(guan)。混(hun)凝土(tu)管(guan)(guan)和(he)鋼筋混(hun)凝土(tu)管(guan)(guan)的管(guan)(guan)口形狀,主要(yao)有(you)承插(cha)口、平(ping)口和(he)企(qi)口三種(zhong),如(ru)圖2-50所示(shi)。其接口用水(shui)泥砂漿抹(mo)帶(dai)接口,常(chang)見的抹(mo)帶(dai)形式有(you)圓弧形和(he)梯形兩種(zhong),如(ru)圖2-51所示(shi)。
特別提醒:室外排水管施(shi)工完(wan)畢,要(yao)按(an)規(gui)(gui)(gui)定(ding)做閉(bi)水試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)。試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)時按(an)規(gui)(gui)(gui)定(ding)施(shi)加一定(ding)的壓力,觀察(cha)接口處(chu)及整個管道滲水情況,如有異常按(an)規(gui)(gui)(gui)定(ding)處(chu)理。